“You want to defrost foods the secure way,” claims Shauna Henley, a household and customer sciences educator at the University of Maryland Extension who has a PhD in biology with a emphasis on client foodstuff safety issues. “It’s in essence to stop prospective foodborne disease or foodstuff poisoning.”
So how do you make certain your defrosted foods is safe and gratifying? Examine on.
Meat. This is the just one to definitely shell out awareness to and the classification with the largest opportunity for foodborne disease if not dealt with thoroughly. Pathogens prosper at temperatures involving 40 and 140 degrees, so your goal is to preserve the foods out of what is usually referred to as “the threat zone.” That is particularly why leaving your meat to thaw on the counter is never, at any time a excellent idea, no subject the temperature of your residence or how cold the food stuff feels to the touch. Similarly, you really should in no way go away food on your porch or other locations outside the house to thaw. Time period.
The simplest, safest and most forgiving place to defrost meat, Henley states, is the refrigerator. Verify with an equipment thermometer that the fridge is among 32 to 40 degrees, and familiarize by yourself more than enough with your refrigerator to know where the especially cold places are that could sluggish down the thawing process, these types of as around a fan. Maintain the thawing meat in a clean bowl or plate to capture any leaks. The time will differ relying on the dimensions of the meat and your refrigerator, but the U.S. Agriculture Office states to count on at least 24 several hours for every 5 kilos of a substantial reduce, such as a turkey, and at least a working day for smaller sized items, such as ground meat or chicken breasts. Prepare dinner thawed red meat inside 3 to 5 days and floor meat, poultry and seafood within just 1 to 2 days. Fridge thawing is the only defrosting technique just after which you can safely and securely refreeze the raw meals, while you could knowledge a loss of quality.
As Harold McGee explains in “On Food and Cooking,” water is a extra economical medium for transferring heat to meat than air (20 situations speedier, to be specific), while nevertheless holding the floor of the meat out of hotter, microbe-helpful temperatures. That’s why a chilly-drinking water bath, in a bowl on the counter or the sink, is another recommended tactic for thawing meat. Henley endorses using water that is colder than 70 degrees. Be positive the meat is in a leak-evidence bag or packaging. Regardless of whether you location a plate or bowl on leading to maintain the meals submerged is up to you, though carrying out so may well velocity up the procedure a small. Irrespective, modify the drinking water each 30 minutes and clean your hands each and every time as properly. Henley suggests to count on about 1 hour of the water bath for every pound of foods, nevertheless timing can differ. Meals thawed by this system must be cooked suitable away and can’t be refrozen although raw. You can, having said that, refreeze the cooked food items, if ideal.
If you’re genuinely in a pinch, you can thaw meat in the microwave. There are a number of pitfalls below, such as that you might commence to cook/overcook or dry out the meat ahead of you even start to prepare the dish. Also, warming the meat in the microwave signifies “there’s a good deal of superior items heading on” for prospective pathogens, Henley states. Which is why microwave-thawed foods also wants to be cooked suitable away and can not be refrozen until finally it is totally cooked. Defrosting in the microwave can be a bit of “trial by fireplace,” as Henley says, as they change in strength. Be positive to examine the guide for advised instances. Masking the food when defrosting can help retain humidity, when from time to time flipping or rotating can assistance make certain even thawing.
You can cook dinner meat and poultry from frozen. McGee claims this functions nicely “with somewhat sluggish approaches these as oven roasting, which give the heat time to penetrate to the middle without the need of substantially overcooking the outer portions of the meat.” He claims to assume prepare dinner instances that are 30 to 50 per cent much more than people with clean cuts. For a prime case in point, see our recipe for Desperation Turkey (From Frozen).
Whatever approach you choose (and no matter whether you began with frozen food items or not), be absolutely sure to have a thermometer useful to guarantee the meals has arrived at a risk-free minimum interior temperature.
Soups, sauces and broths. If you have more than enough time, go in advance and permit these thaw in the refrigerator. This can acquire various days dependent on how significantly you froze and its form — a flatter layer (Henley likes 4 inches or considerably less), for instance, will thaw quicker than a tall cylinder. Henley usually employs a two-prong system for thawing soups and stews, employing the microwave to loosen the food from the container right before transferring to a pot to complete heating all the way by. (The federal government endorses bringing soups and sauces again to a rolling boil to guarantee security.) You can also run your container briefly underneath tap drinking water just enough to loosen it from the sides before heating on the stove leading.
Bread. This one’s easy and, hey, no threat of food poisoning. The cheapest carry is to permit a frozen loaf thaw, nevertheless wrapped, on the counter for a few hours or overnight, and then crisp it in a 350- to 400-degree oven for a handful of minutes. Or wrap the even now-frozen bread in foil and heat for 15 to 30 minutes, relying on dimension and no matter whether you want to just promptly thaw or also warm it. If you’ve frozen unique slices, all those will thaw incredibly quickly on the counter or can go straight into the toaster or toaster oven.
Pizza dough is in particular useful to preserve in the freezer. For that or other yeasted doughs, enable thaw at least overnight in the refrigerator.
Slices of baked pizza — a lifesaver in my house — can go from freezer to oven. I normally bake them on a sheet pan at 375 degrees for 10 to 12 minutes. Or use a pizza stone if you have one particular. Timing will fluctuate depending on how thick the crust is.
Other baked items. Any baked treats, these kinds of as cookies, brownies, etcetera., are great to defrost on the counter. A temporary stint in the
oven at 350 levels can carry them near to freshly baked perfection. I have also effectively thawed cookies in the microwave. Try out commencing with 30 seconds at 50-% electricity. Insert a small extra time as essential. If it’s near, I might do a brief blast (10 seconds or significantly less) at entire power. This functions especially very well with factors like chocolate chip cookies.
If you’ve stashed personal portions of cookie dough, these can be popped straight into the oven for baking. Relying on the cookie, it may perhaps need very little to no more bake time. Thaw frozen discs of pie dough in the fridge overnight.